Skip to content
DEFEATED
For you / Content checks

Which cameracould this be from?

Compare a questioned image with original photos from a known camera.

See how it works
PRNU Attribution

In plain English.

Camera sensors leave tiny patterns in their images. Comparing those patterns is called PRNU attribution—a kind of camera fingerprint, not a fingerprint of a person.

A situation
worth a second look.

A claim includes a photograph said to come from one particular camera.

Defeated / content checkGuided example
Civilian colleagues reviewing content, used only as illustrative sample media
shared-photo.jpg
See what a useful answer looks like.

Can you trust this photo?

A signal, the reason behind it, and a practical next step. This guided example uses fixed sample findings, not a live detection model.

A clearer next step.

Use suitable original reference photos to test that source. A weak or missing match is inconclusive, not a fake verdict.

Inspect your own content
For technical teams: explore the method

Illustrative product views and fixed sample findings. Advanced analysis requires approved services and suitable reference data.

PRNU AttributionIllustrative product view

The guided sample supports a same-camera hypothesis within stated thresholds.

Reference set

Known-source images establish the candidate sensor residual.

PRNU tests a same-camera hypothesis. Failure is inconclusive, and the method does not determine whether content is real, fake, or AI-generated.

How the review works

1Enroll

Collect 3–20 original images from one known camera.

2Extract

Estimate sensor residuals while masking unreliable regions.

3Correlate

Compare the questioned residual to the enrolled reference.

4Conclude

Support same-camera or return inconclusive—never real/fake.

Explore further

Source Registry

Known sources create stronger answers

Pixel Inspector

Reason at the pixel boundary

The Camera as a Witness

Source before speculation